5 Major Types of Criminal Punishment

 

Penalties accepted under modern US law include community service, fines, forfeiture of property, and restitution to victims, imprisonment in jail or prison, and death.

Some civil penalties are punitive in nature. However, in most civil cases, the primary objective is to compensate the victim. However, a judge or jury may award punitive damages to a party in a civil case if the party's conduct is egregious.

Punitive damages are intended to punish a party or set an example for those who commit similar crimes. Although costly, civil penalties do not carry the same stigma as criminal penalties. Human transgressions have been punished in various ways throughout the world.

Standard punishments in ancient Greece and Rome were death, slavery, extermination (corporal punishment), imprisonment or banishment. Some punishments are particularly natural. For example, in ancient Rome, a person who killed a relative was tied with a rooster, a rooster, a dog and a monkey and thrown into the sea. Ancient punishment was introduced in England.

Until the 19th century, capital punishment, or capital punishment, was imposed in England for over 200 different crimes. Most of these crimes are minor offenses, such as money laundering or fraud. The accused may be hanged, burned at the stake or beheaded.

In some cases, the dying process is prolonged. For example, a person convicted of treason is placed on a bench and stretched, hanged until he dies, then he is punched in the chest, beheaded and quartered. Until the 19th century, corporal punishment in England could include whipping, branding or amputation. Nose, ears, hands, fingers, toes and feet will be removed for crime. Often the part that is dissected is the part that is considered responsible for the behavior.

For example, a bag can destroy a hand and a spy can lose an ear, tongue or eye. Corporal punishment can be given in addition to other punishments, such as banishment, forced labor or short imprisonment.

American authorities adopted and developed English traditional punishments. The most common punishment is livestock and capital. Minor offenders are often sentenced to a combination of corporal punishment and months in prison. The penalty for the most serious crimes is usually death.

Punishment is most common and severe in religiously based societies.

In Puritan-ruled Massachusetts, a woman who committed adultery could be forced to publicly swear the letter A as a reminder of her punishment. It is said that the cup will be filled with water. The witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts, showed how punishment was created in some places.

In 1692, 19 people were killed when children claimed that many women were practicing witchcraft. One of the accused witnesses, who refused to participate in the trial, was slowly crushed to death under the weight of a heavy stone.

Throughout history, society has developed various ways to simultaneously punish criminals and ensure public safety. Those who study the nature of crime and punishment learn that five main types of criminal punishment have emerged: impotence, deterrence, restitution, rehabilitation and rehabilitation. A felony is a serious crime such as murder or theft. A conviction is a sentence in which a person is convicted of a crime.

Punishment can be, for example, imprisonment or a fine. Students in an online Bachelor of Science degree in criminal justice learn these types of criminal justice and programs that prepare them for success in the field of criminal justice.

 

5 Major Types of Criminal Punishment

The types of punishment listed in the Oxford University Handbook include the first four of these. The concept of restorative justice is a recent phenomenon.

Today's criminologists see it as a legitimate crime-enforcement option. Those who judge these types of crimes and their sentences are often guided by one of the following methods.

1. Retribution

It is one of the first forms of punishment - basically the concept of "an eye for an eye". Proponents of restitution believe that it gives victims of crime, or society at large, a sense of satisfaction in knowing that the criminal has received the punishment he deserves for the crime committed. Legislators are tasked with determining the appropriate level of sanctions, which can range from fines for speeding to mandatory jail terms for certain crimes.

 

2. Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation aims to prevent future crimes by changing the behavior of the offender. This includes providing a number of programs in prison, including educational and vocational programs, placement in treatment centers, and mental health counseling. The system also gives judges the power to include rehabilitation programs in the offender's sentence. The goal is to reduce the rate of recidivism or those who commit crimes again after leaving prison.

 

3. Incapacitation

This is another old method that is still popular. Impotence simply means removing people from the community. This includes imprisonment, house arrest and, in its worst form, execution. Many believe that the weakness of this approach is that it does not affect rehabilitation or recidivism, the latter of which remains high in communities with disabilities.

 

4. Deterrence

Deterrence aims to prevent future crimes and can focus on specific and general prevention. Specific deterrence involves preventing a person from committing a crime in the future because of the fear of similar or worse punishment. General deterrence refers to the feeling that members of society are less likely to commit crimes after learning of the suffering of another person.

 

5. Restoration

This new approach to criminal justice asks the offender to make amends directly to the victim of their crime and to the community where the crime was committed. Judges use this method mainly with young offenders.

In this way, the offender and the victim meet so that the offender can hear what the victim has to say about their experience of the crime. The abuser tries hard to redeem him and apologize. 

These concepts are closely related to the study of the types of crimes and their sentences. The company created each of them with the idea of ​​seeing the appropriate punishment for the criminals and the safety of the society.