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Meaning, Purpose & Types of Marriage

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Marriage us an institution to satisfy physical, psychological, social, cultural and economic needs of men and women. The primary aim of marriage is the regulation of sexual activities through a stable relationship, which otherwise may cause to social disruptions.


Meaning of Marriage 

Marriage us an institution to satisfy physical, psychological, social, cultural and economic needs of men and women. The primary aim of marriage is the regulation of sexual activities through a stable relationship, which otherwise may cause to social disruptions.

Marriage is the process by which a man and a woman come together as a couple to form a family. This process usually affects father and mother, male and female parents and their relatives. This process also includes the payment of the wife's wealth, or wife's price, these prayers are asked to God and the ancestors for their blessings for the success of the marriage such as children, long life, happiness and prosperity. This process also includes the exchange of gifts, hospitality and happiness.

Marriage is one of the most universal social institutions created and developed by society. It is connected to the family foundation. According to Gillin and Gillin, “marriage is a socially sanctioned means of establishing a reproductive family. Westermarck said that marriage is more rooted in the family than the family in marriage.

Marriage is a social institution with different purposes, roles and forms in different societies, but it is universal as an institution. According to Malinowski, "Marriage is a contract for the production and care of children." According to Robert H Lowie, marriage is a permanent union between willing partners.

 

Purpose of Marriage

The purpose of marriage includes the following:

1. Procreation: The main purpose of marriage is to have children.

2. Sexual Satisfaction: People also get married for legal and legal satisfaction.

3. For Companionship: Couples also get mental satisfaction and happiness by living together.

4. Growth in Mutual Love and Help: For example; love, financial support and material exchange also motivate people to get married.

 

Types of Marriages

The main types of marriage are:

Meaning, Purpose & Types of Marriage


Polygyny

Polygyny is a form of marriage in which a man marries more than one woman at a time. Polygyny is more popular than polyandry but not as universal as monogamy. It is a common practice in ancient civilizations. Meanwhile, it can be found in ancient tribes like the Indian Crows, Baigas and Gonds of India. 

Monogamy has two types:

 

Meaning, Purpose & Types of Marriage

Sororal polygyny

It is a type of marriage where the wives are usually sisters. It is often called a sororate. The Latin word Soror means sister. When several sisters are at the same time or can be wives of the same man, this practice is called sororate. It is often found in high paying tribes.

Non-sororal polygyny

It is a form of marriage between wives who are not brothers rather than sisters.



Polyandry

Polyandry is the marriage of a woman with multiple men. It is practiced among the Marquesan Islands of Polynesia, the Bahama Islands of Africa and the Samoan tribes. In India, among the Tiyan, Toda, Kota, Khasa and Ladakhi Bota tribes, it is still widespread.

Polyandry is of two types.

 

Meaning, Purpose & Types of Marriage

Fraternal Polyandry

When several brothers share the same wife, the practice can be described as fraternal polyandry. This act of being a friend, in fact or in power, of her husband's brothers is called levirate. It is widespread among the Todas in India.

 

Non - Fraternal Polyandry

In this type, there is no need for the husband to have an intimate relationship before marriage. A wife must be with each husband. As long as a woman lives with one husband, others have no authority over her. Polyandry has meaning. It creates the problem of identifying the child's father. Among the Toda people, one of the husbands goes through what is called the bow ceremony with the wife and thus becomes the legal father of his child. Among the Samoans, children at an early age have the freedom to choose their parents for their permanent residence. The chosen parent will be the father of the children.

  

Monogamy

Monogamy is a type of marriage in which a man marries a woman. It is a common type of marriage in societies around the world. According to Westermarck, monogamy is human. Monogamy is practiced throughout the world, allowing marriage and satisfaction to all. It promotes love and affection between husband and wife. It contributes to family peace, harmony and happiness.

Monogamous marriages are stable and permanent. It is a common conflict in polyandrous families with many wives. The marriage of one person pays attention to the relationship of their children. Women are subjected to low status and polygamy where their rights are not recognized. In monogamy, women have a higher social status. There are two types of one woman.

 

Meaning, Purpose & Types of Marriage

Serial monogamy

In many countries, people are allowed to remarry after the death of their first spouse or after divorce, but they cannot have more than one spouse at a time.


Straight monogamy

In chaste marriage, remarriage is not allowed.

 

Group Marriage

Monogamous marriage refers to two or more married couples with two or more sons. Here, those who are husband and wife are ordinary wives. Children are considered as children of the whole group as a whole.

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